During a recent visit to Dharamsala in northern India, I came across a scene that has stayed with me ever since.
Tibetan merchants, who had long found the doors of formal financial services closed to them, can now — with a payment QR code printed from an e-wallet — plug their small shops into India’s Unified Payments Interface, or UPI. This is more than payment convenience; it is digital public infrastructure, or DPI, at work.
